What is the purpose of using Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BTI) in mosquito control?

The use of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BTI) in mosquito control is primarily as a biological control agent that specifically targets mosquito larvae. BTI is a naturally occurring bacterium that produces toxins lethal to certain insect larvae, particularly those of mosquitoes and black flies. When introduced into water bodies where mosquitoes breed, BTI is ingested by the larvae during feeding. The toxins disrupt their digestive system, ultimately leading to their death before they can mature into adults and contribute to the mosquito population.

This method of control is environmentally friendly and selective, meaning it does not harm other non-target organisms and is less harmful to the ecosystem compared to broad-spectrum chemical insecticides. The effectiveness of BTI relies on its ability to affect only specific stages of the mosquito life cycle, ensuring a reduction in mosquito populations without broader ecological damage.